Driving Towards Sustainability: A Comprehensive Review of Electric Vehicles

Abstract

This research summarizes research on electric vehicles (EVs) and sustainable transit solutions, highlighting advancements in battery technologies, motor efficiency, and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) integration. It explores the conversion of a Rover Mini into the electric E-MINI and discusses the potential of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) architectures. The study emphasizes the importance of effective power management and infrastructure upgrades to support EV adoption. Despite inherent complexities, innovative designs offer promising solutions for future transportation sustainability. advanced strategies for optimizing electric powertrains, transit networks, and fast charging systems to enhance sustainability in electromobility. Additionally, analysis is done on how quick charging affects Li-ion battery deterioration, revealing insights into mitigating effects and identifying cost-effective solutions for various battery technologies. Overall, this comprehensive investigation contributes crucial insights for advancing sustainable electric mobility.