UPQC Intelligent Adaptive Optimization Model for the Reactive Power Compensation

G. Sujatha; S. Venkata Padmavathi

doi:10.5750/ijme.v168iA6(S).2031

Published: Nov 13, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5750/ijme.v168iA6(S).2031

Keywords:

Intelligent stacked UPQC Reactive power compensation Voltage regulation Harmonic mitigation Second-order seagull optimization (SO-SGO) Fuzzy adaptive control Smart grid Power quality enhancement Nonlinear and unbalanced loads Transient response optimization

G. Sujatha

Research Scholar, Department of EEE, GST, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad Campus and Assistant Professor, Department of EEE, G. Narayanamma Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, India

S. Venkata Padmavathi

Assistant Professor, Department of EEE, GST, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad Campus, Telangana, India

Abstract

This paper presents a proposed Intelligent Optimized Second-Order Unified Power Quality Conditioner (IO-SO-UPQC) for reactive power compensation, voltage regulation, and harmonic mitigation in modern distribution networks. The system integrates a hierarchical control structure comprising an inner second-order derivative-based UPQC control layer, a fuzzy adaptive layer for dynamic gain adjustment, and a global optimization layer using Second-Order Sea-Gull Optimization (SO-SGO) for real-time tuning of controller gains. The series and shunt converters work synergistically to compensate voltage sags, swells, and reactive power variations, while the fuzzy logic layer adjusts the proportional, integral, and derivative gains based on instantaneous error and its rate of change. Simulation results under linear, nonlinear, unbalanced, and sudden load variations show that the proposed IO-SO-UPQC reduces reactive power error from 0.45 kVAR to 0.12 kVAR, voltage deviation from 2% to 0.5%, and total harmonic distortion (THD) from 4.5% to 1.8%, while improving settling time from 35 ms to 15 ms. These results demonstrate superior transient response and robust real-time power quality improvement compared to conventional PI-controlled UPQCs.

Issue

Vol. 168 No. A6(S) (2026): Special Issue - New Technologies and their Effects on Real-Time Social Developments

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