Design of Latency-Optimized Task Offloading in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network with Blockchain-Based Energy Trading for 6G Edge Networks

Abstract

Efficient data transmission in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) using the 6G edge communication is vital for battery-operated devices. This paper presents a cooperative transmission strategy using an Unmanned Vehicle to collect sensory data and recharge sensor nodes for data transmission. This study introduces a UWSN with Blockchain-Based Energy Trading and Fairness based Power Allocation (UWBEFP) that combines secure energy management, intelligent routing, and efficient relay selection. The Channel and Energy Consumption Model evaluate communication costs and energy use through acoustic propagation, signal-to-noise analysis, and energy estimation. The Computation Model facilitates distributed processing among sensors, UAVs, and edge clouds, minimizing service latency and computational costs through task segmentation and offloading. A KNN Model enhances sensor classification and clustering, while Euclidean distance clustering improves cluster-head selection and reduces communication energy consumption. A Blockchain-Supported Energy Trading mechanism enables decentralized peer-to-peer energy exchange via smart contracts and Proof-of-Stake validation. A Fairness-Based Power Allocation (FPA) technique performs effective task offloading process to reduce the latency occurrence and balances resource use among relay nodes based on energy costs and levels. An optimized relay selection process enhances communication reliability and network lifetime by reducing transmission power while maintaining the required Bit Error Probability. A D2D Authentication Process ensures secure communication through digital signatures, session-key encryption, and reinforcement learning-assisted routing. The performance analysis is packet delivery ratio, route discovery frequency, routing control overhead, end-to-end average delay, energy efficiency, throughput, and energy consumption. Through this process the communication quality 6G edge network is enhanced which it performs underwater data transmission.